A. The global shift towards urban living is one of the most significant demographic transformations of the 21st century. While this trend is worldwide, it is unfolding at an unprecedented pace in developing nations. Projections suggest that by 2050, nearly 70% of the world’s population will reside in urban centres, with the bulk of this growth occurring in Asia and Africa. This rapid urbanization brings promises of economic opportunity, improved infrastructure, and access to better education and healthcare. However, a growing body of research highlights a significant, often overlooked, consequence: a mounting crisis in urban mental health. The core of this issue is not merely the stress of a faster-paced life but a more profound social phenomenon—the erosion of traditional social capital and community support systems that have long been the bedrock of mental well-being in many cultures. B. In many pre-urban, rural societies, mental health is deeply embedded within the community fabric. 'Social capital'—the networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that society to function effectively—is traditionally high. Individuals are enmeshed i…
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